`globals()` Function in Python [ English ]

`globals()` Function in Python

1. Introduction

The globals() function in Python is a built-in function that returns a dictionary containing the global symbol table. The global symbol table stores information about all global variables, functions, and objects defined at the global level of a program.

Global variables are variables that are defined outside any function and can be accessed throughout the entire program.

The globals() function is useful for inspecting, accessing, and modifying global variables dynamically.

2. Syntax

globals()

Parameters

The globals() function does not take any arguments.

Return Value

Returns a dictionary containing the names of global variables as keys and their corresponding values.

3. Basic Example

x = 10
y = 20

print(globals())

Output (partial example)

{'__name__': '__main__', '__builtins__': {...}, 'x': 10, 'y': 20}

Explanation

The dictionary returned by globals() includes global variables such as x and y.
It also includes other built-in names automatically created by Python.

4. Accessing Global Variables Using `globals()`

a = 50
b = 30

g = globals()

print(g['a'])
print(g['b'])

Output

50
30

Explanation

globals() returns a dictionary stored in variable g.
The values of global variables can be accessed using dictionary keys.

5. Using `globals()` Inside a Function

x = 100

def show():
    print(globals()['x'])

show()

Output

Explanation

Even inside a function, globals() can access variables defined at the global level.

6. Modifying Global Variables Using `globals()`

x = 10

globals()['x'] = 50

print(x)

Output

Explanation

The value of the global variable x is changed using the dictionary returned by globals().

7. Practical Example

name = "Rahul"
course = "BCA"

def display():
    g = globals()
    print(g['name'])
    print(g['course'])

display()

Output

Rahul
BCA

Explanation

The function accesses global variables using the dictionary returned by globals().

8. Difference Between `globals()` and `locals()`

Feature	globals()	locals()
Purpose	Returns global variables	Returns local variables
Scope	Entire program	Current function or block
Return type	Dictionary	Dictionary

Example:

x = 10

def test():
    y = 5
    print("Global:", globals())
    print("Local:", locals())

test()

9. Uses of `globals()`

The globals() function is useful for:

Accessing global variables dynamically
Inspecting global program environment
Debugging programs
Modifying global variables during execution

10. Summary

globals() is a built-in Python function.
It returns a dictionary of all global variables and objects.
It does not require any arguments.
Global variables can be accessed and modified using this dictionary.
It is useful for debugging and dynamic variable access.

Notes

`globals()` Function in Python [ English ]

English